Orchids are beautiful yet delicate plants that thrive when given the right care. They have specific needs regarding light, water, humidity, and even airflow. By understanding what they truly enjoy and what they can’t tolerate, you can enjoy vibrant blooms and happy plants year-round.
What orchids love: Here are seven key essentials.
Bright, Indirect Light
Orchids thrive in bright, indirect light, but direct sunlight can cause harm. Their delicate leaves can scorch if exposed to too much sun, resulting in unsightly yellow or brown spots. The key is to place them in a room where they receive plenty of light but with the rays filtered through a curtain or nearby tree to protect them.
Warm Temperature
Orchids thrive in warm conditions, preferring daytime temperatures above 75°F and nighttime temperatures of at least 65°F. While it can be difficult to maintain these temperatures, especially during colder months, it’s essential to avoid exposing blooming orchids to significantly lower temperatures, as they can cause damage to the plants, impacting their health and ability to flower properly.
Humidity
Orchids generally thrive in humidity levels between 50% and 70%. While some species are more adaptable to lower humidity, others, like the Bulbophyllum, require the higher end of that range to flourish. If indoor humidity drops below 30%, it’s crucial to supplement moisture. During the winter, heating can also dry out the air, so maintaining proper humidity is essential for healthy growth and encouraging long-lasting blooms.
Water Conditions
Orchids prefer distilled or rainwater over tap water, which can contain harmful minerals. Use room-temperature water to prevent shocking the roots. Proper water conditions keep your orchid healthy and thriving.
Good Drainage
Orchids prefer to be watered only once the top layer of soil dries out to the touch. The pot must have proper drainage, as orchids do not like their roots sitting in water. Choose an orchid-specific potting mix like bark or sphagnum moss for the best results. Water only when the topsoil feels dry.
Fresh Air Circulation
Air circulation is crucial for orchids, especially since you’re working with high humidity. Without proper airflow, mold, and pests can take over, damaging your plant. A gentle fan can provide the right amount of breeze, preventing fungal issues and helping your orchid thrive. Think of airflow as the guardian of your orchid’s health, keeping its environment balanced and its blooms flourishing with minimal risk.
Banana Peels
Banana peels are a natural powerhouse for orchids as they are the perfect source of the essential nutrients that promote healthy growth and their vibrant blooms. To make your own banana peel fertilizer, place one peel in a jar, fill it with water, and seal it tightly. You should let the mixture sit for at least 24 to 48 hours, then use it to water your orchid once a month. This simple, eco-friendly method nourishes your plant without the risk of over-fertilization.
What orchids hate: Here are seven common pitfalls
Cold Drafts and Sudden Temperature Changes
Orchids are sensitive to cold drafts, which can cause stress and lead to premature blooming loss. Sudden temperature changes from drafts can harm their delicate flowers and leaves. It’s essential to position orchids away from drafty areas and reduce drafts in your home to maintain a stable, stress-free environment for your plant.
Overwatering
Overwatering orchids can lead to serious issues, as they don’t like their roots sitting in excess water. Always ensure the orchid mix is thoroughly moistened, but let it dry out nearly completely before watering again. To check, insert your finger or a wooden skewer into the mix. If it still feels damp, hold off on watering. Water in the morning to allow any droplets on the leaves to evaporate quickly. If water collects where the leaves meet the stem, it can cause rot, so gently wipe or blot the area with a soft cloth or paper towel.
Clean Leaves
Orchids dislike dirty leaves, as dust can block sunlight and attract pests like mealybugs, scale insects, and thrips. Regularly wipe their leaves with a soft cloth to keep them clean and debris-free. If pests appear, you might need to manually remove them or use a fungicidal or insecticidal spray to treat the infestation. Keeping the leaves spotless helps maintain your orchid’s health and encourages optimal growth.
Too Much Fertilizer
Orchids can’t stand overfertilizing. Excessive use of synthetic fertilizers, which contain mineral salts like potassium and calcium, can accumulate in the soil and harm your plant over time. Overfeeding often leads to rapid, too, weak growth, making the plant more vulnerable to diseases. In some cases, orchids may even bloom less. Stick to a light, balanced feeding schedule to keep your orchid healthy and encourage consistent blooming.
Repotting During Blooming Season
Orchids dislike frequent repotting. While they should be repotted every 1-2 years, don’t do it during the blooming cycle. Wait until the flowers fade, typically in late spring or early summer. Signs it’s time to repot include roots growing out of drainage holes, overcrowding, or a root-bound condition. If the potting mix breaks down and loses its structure, it’s also time to refresh the soil to maintain proper drainage.
Harsh Pruning
Orchids can’t stand excessive or improper pruning. To encourage reblooming, prune only after all flowers have fallen and the stem changes color. Cut above the nodes, which are small bumps on the stem where new growth, such as stems or Keikis, will emerge. Improper pruning can harm your orchid’s ability to flower again, so always inspect the stem carefully before making any cuts.
Overhandling
Orchids have delicate blooms that can bruise easily if handled too much. Do not touch the flowers or leaves unless necessary. Excessive handling can damage and stress the plant, leading to fewer blooms. Handle your orchid gently and only when needed for care.